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Mihajlo Apostolski
Mihajlo Apostolski ((マケドニア語:Михаjло Апостолски) born ''Mihail Mitev Apostolov''〔...''He was born in Ottoman Empire in Bulgarian Exarhists family as Mihail Mitev Apostolov''...: The Liberation struggles after the First World War, 1919-1944, Dobrin Michev, Macedonian Scientific Institute, Historical Institute (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences), 2003, ISBN 9548187612, p. 430.〕 (ブルガリア語:Михаил Митев Апостолов)),〔(Bulgarian Archives State Agency, Personalities; № 8: Mihail Mitev Apostolov. )〕 (November 8, 1906 Štip, Kosovo Vilayet, Ottoman Empire, present-day Republic of Macedonia - August 7, 1987 Dojran, SFR Yugoslavia, now Republic of Macedonia) was a Yugoslav general, military theoretician, politician, historian, Commander of the Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army and Partisan detachments in Macedonia. Everyone insist on calling him "Mihajlo Apostolski (Михајло Апостолски) even tho his name is "Mihailo Apostolski (Михаило Апостолски)〔Blaze Risteski (editor), Macedonian Encyclopedia (vol. I), MANU, 2009, Skopje.〕〔Narodni heroji Jugoslavije, ''Mladost'', Beograd 1975.〕
==Biography==
He attended primary and secondary school in Štip. In 1927 graduated from the Military Academy in Belgrade, capital of Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1933 he graduated from the High Military Academy, and in 1938 graduated Commanding Academy (Serbo-Croatian: Генералштабна академија/Generalštabna akademija).
During the invasion of Yugoslavia by Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, Italy and Romania, in April 1941, as a commander of the alpine units of the Royal Yugoslav Army, he ordered demolition of bridges in order to slow the progress of the German troops.〔Kiro Gligorov, ''Macedonia is Everything we Have'', Izdavacki centar TRI, 2001, Skopje Киро Глигоров, ''Македонија е сè што имаме'', Издавачки центар ТРИ, 2001, Скопје〕
After the capitulation of Yugoslavia he was captured by the Italian army and was taken to the camp Vestone. Shortly after, his father, a Bulgarian army veteran, made a request to the Bulgarian Minister of War and it was granted soon after. Apostolski, as well as 12,000 other Macedonian POWs, were released with Bulgarian intervention by the German, Italian and Hungarian authorities.〔Letter No.11660 ''From the Ministry of Ware to the Bulgarian Central Campaign Committee of Macedonia'' Sofia, May 28, 1941 CSA, fund 396, list 1, file 37, page 4. Original, typed.〕〔Resolution from General Mitev was: Rome, to be set free, signed on 02.07.1941. CMA, f. 20, op. IV, a.e. 25.〕〔(Dimitre Minchev (Military Publishing House, Sofia, 2002) Bulgarian Camagne Committees in Macedonia - 1941, Shtip, July 23, 1941, Document № 41. )〕〔Bulgarian Central Military Archives (CMA), fund 20, list 4, file 25.〕 After his liberation from the prison, Apostolski was offered a captain's rank as a Bulgarian officer, but he considered this unsatisfactory.〔(''Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, 1900-1996'', Chris Kostov, Peter Lang, 2010, ISBN 3-0343-0196-0, p. 13. )〕 Thus, in September Apostolski entered the Macedonian National Liberation Army and became a partisan leader in the National Liberation War of Macedonia. In May 1943 he was appointed Major General. During the Second Session of AVNOJ he was appointed to the Presidency of AVNOJ.〔 In addition to the Macedonian brigades operating under his command, in February 1944, he commanded the brigades from Kosovo and Southern Serbia.〔 He became a member of the Initiative Board for organization of ASNOM. He participated in the First Session of the ASNOM and was elected to its Presidency.〔 He successfully fought against the forces of Bulgaria (which, even today, considers itself as the force that liberated Macedonia, while in the Republic of Macedonia it is considered as an occupying force),〔Rastislav Terziovski, ''Mihajlo Apostolski. Views on the Yugoslav-Bulgarian relations in the Second World War'' "Nasa Kniga", Skopje, 1982nd〕 as well as against Italian fascist and German nazi forces throughout World War II.
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